Indications: Venetoclax is prescribed to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in specific patient groups.

Pharmacology: Venetoclax acts as a BCL-2 inhibitor, impeding the B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) protein. This action induces programmed cell death (apoptosis) in cancerous cells, thereby halting tumor growth and progression.

Dosage and Administration: Typically administered orally, Venetoclax dosage varies depending on the patient’s condition and treatment plan. Gradual titration may be necessary to achieve the target dose, often in combination with other chemotherapy agents.

Interactions: Venetoclax may interact with various medications, including potent CYP3A inhibitors and inducers. Patients should disclose all medications to their healthcare providers to prevent potential interactions.

Side Effects: Common side effects of Venetoclax include nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, upper respiratory tract infection, and decreased white blood cell counts. Serious effects may include tumor lysis syndrome, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and infections.

Precautions and Warnings: Patients on Venetoclax should be monitored for signs of tumor lysis syndrome, neutropenia (especially in CLL or SLL), and in those with a history of tumor lysis syndrome or renal impairment. Caution is advised in these scenarios.

Overdose Effects: In the event of an overdose, supportive measures are recommended. Specific effects of Venetoclax overdose are limited, thus management should prioritize symptomatic and supportive care.