The antiretroviral drug tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), which is sold under the Viread brand, is used to treat HIV-1 infection and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Tenofovir’s 25 mg strength is a lower-dosage formulation that is usually used for adults or children who need a lower dose because of particular clinical situations. It is a member of the group of medications called nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, or NRTIs.

Indications:

25 mg of tenofovir is recommended for:

HIV-1 Infection:

used to treat HIV-1 infection in adults and children in conjunction with other antiretroviral medications.

improves immune function by increasing CD4+ (T) cells and lowering the virus load.

Long-term Hepatitis B:

used to treat long-term HBV infections in adults and children ages 2 and up who exhibit liver inflammation and active viral replication.

Mechanism of Action:

Reverse transcriptase, an enzyme essential to HIV and HBV replication, is inhibited by tenofovir. Tenofovir, a nucleotide analog, is incorporated into the viral DNA chain during viral replication. Because of this inclusion, the DNA chain is prematurely terminated, which stops the virus from proliferating and infecting new cells.

Dosage and Administration:

Usually, people with renal impairment or pediatric patients who need dose changes are the only ones who can take the 25 mg dose.

300 mg pills of Tenofovir are frequently prescribed for regular adult therapy. Lower dosages, such as 25 mg, can be suitable in certain populations.

With or without food, it is taken orally once a day.

Dosing for pediatric kids is frequently determined by a healthcare professional using a weight-based approach.

Creation:

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablet, 25 mg

Depending on the manufacturer, the pills may be scored for easier swallowing and are usually film-coated.

Side Effects:

Although Tenofovir 25 mg (Viread) is usually well tolerated, certain people may have:

Typical adverse effects:

Feeling queasy

Having diarrhea

A headache

Weariness

Lightheadedness

Serious Adverse Reactions:

Rare yet potentially fatal is lactic acidosis.

severe steatosis and hepatomegaly

Renal toxicity, encompassing Fanconi syndrome and acute renal failure

Osteomalacia, or decreased bone mineral density

Regular monitoring of bone health and kidney function is necessary for patients receiving long-term therapy, particularly those who are at risk.

Precautions and Warnings:

Renal Impairment: Patients with decreased renal function require dose adjustments. The body may accumulate tenofovir, increasing the chance of poisoning.

Hepatomegaly and lactic acidosis: Keep an eye out for symptoms like weakness, stomach pain, and respiratory issues.

Bone Effects: Caution should be used in patients who have known bone problems; vitamin D and calcium supplements may be suggested.

Hepatitis B Exacerbation: In people with HBV, stopping treatment can cause severe acute hepatitis exacerbations. Liver function must be closely monitored.

Drug Interactions:

Tenofovir could involve:

A higher risk of kidney damage is associated with other nephrotoxic medications, such as NSAIDs and aminoglycosides.

Didanosine: Increases levels of both drugs and increases the risk of pancreatitis or neuropathy.

Inhibitors of HIV protease, such as atazanavir: Ritonavir boosting might be necessary for efficacy.

Before taking Tenofovir with other drugs, always get advice from your doctor.

Use during lactation and pregnancy:

pregnant: Tenofovir is frequently included in recommended antiretroviral regimens and is thought to be quite safe to use throughout pregnant.

Lactation: Although tenofovir does enter breast milk, it usually does so in little doses. Before nursing, get advice from a healthcare professional.

Storage and Handling:

Store between 20°C and 25°C (68°F and 77°F) at room temperature.

Store in a firmly sealed container out of the heat and moisture.

Keep out of children’s reach.

Conclusion:

A powerful and efficient antiviral drug, tenofovir 25 mg (Viread) is essential for the treatment of HIV-1 and chronic hepatitis B infections. Its capacity to prevent viral replication aids in regulating the course of illness and enhancing life quality. It should always be used under a healthcare provider’s supervision due to the possibility of adverse effects and the requirement for appropriate dosage, especially in vulnerable populations like children or those with renal impairment.

Optimal outcomes and reduced risk of complications are ensured by routine monitoring and adherence to recommended treatment. Tenofovir continues to be a key component of combination therapy in the battle against HIV and HBV.

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1. What is the purpose of Tenofovir 25 mg (Viread)?
Adults and children with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections can be treated with tenofovir 25 mg, an antiviral drug sold under the brand name Viread. It promotes liver health and lowers the body’s level of HBV.

2. How does Tenofovir work?
Tenofovir is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NtRTI). It works by blocking an enzyme that the hepatitis B virus needs to replicate, helping reduce viral load in the body.

3. How should I take 25 mg of Tenofovir?
As directed by your physician, it is typically taken once day, with or without meals. To keep your blood levels steady, it’s crucial to take medication at the same time every day.

4. Can Hepatitis B be cured with Tenofovir?
Tenofovir does not treat hepatitis B, is the answer. It controls the infection, delays the course of the disease, and prevents liver damage by lowering the amount of the virus in the body.

5. Is Tenofovir safe to use when expecting?
Tenofovir is regarded as safe to use during pregnancy, particularly when the advantages outweigh the risks. It is also frequently used to stop HBV from being passed from mother to kid.

6. If I feel better, may I stop taking Tenofovir?
If you stop taking Tenofovir without consulting your doctor, the virus may resurface and cause severe liver problems. Always heed the advice of your healthcare provider.